ARTICLE
20 January 2026

毛木耳化学成分及活性研究进展

翠娥 白1
Show Less
1 福建师范大学 生命科学学院, 中国
© 2026 by the Author(s). Licensee Art and Technology, USA. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution -Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0) ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ )
Abstract

毛木耳作为一种重要的药食同源真菌,其丰富的化学成分和多样的生物活性日益受到学界关注。本文系统梳理了毛木耳的化学成分及多维生物活性的研究进展。通过对相关功效及其作用机制的系统总结,为毛木耳的深度开发提供理论依据。

Keywords
毛木耳
化学成分
生物活性
References

[1]马晓旭.基于多组学的毛木耳子实体颜色控制位点及色素合成机制研究[D].吉林农业大学,2023.
[2]吴芳,员瑗,刘鸿高,et al.木耳属研究进展[J].菌物学报,2014,33(02):198-207.
[3]姚清华,陈国平,颜孙安, et al.两种木耳营养分析与评价[J].营养学报,2018,40(02):197-9.
[4]龙瑞阳.毛木耳多糖提取、结构及其锌复合物制备与生物活性研究[D].广州大学,2023.
[5] SILLAPACHAIYAPORN C, NILKHET S, UNG A T, et al. Anti-HIV-1 protease activity of the crude extracts and isolated compounds from Auricularia polytricha [J]. BMC complementary and alternative medicine, 2019, 19(1): 351.
[6] SILLAPACHAIYAPORN C, RANGSINTH P, NILKHET S, et al. Neuroprotective Effects against Glutamate-Induced HT-22 Hippocampal Cell Damage and Caenorhabditis elegans Lifespan/Healthspan Enhancing Activity of Auricularia polytricha Mushroom Extracts [J]. Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland), 2021, 14(10).

[7]缪钱江, 殷贝贝, 许峰, et al.毛木耳黄酮提取工艺优化及活性研究;proceedings of the 第十届全国食用菌学术研讨会, 中国北京, F, 2014 [C].
[8] 范心乐, 姚方杰, 王薇, et al.毛木耳黑色素的提取工艺及理化性质研究[J].分子科学学报,2019,35(06):484-91.
[9] 刘鑫, 袁源, 侯若琳, et al.毛木耳黑色素提取条件优化及体外抗氧化活性研究[J].天然产物研究与开发,2019,31(10):1688-96+752.
[10] 倪子寒. 具有抗肿瘤作用的毛木耳多糖提取、结构表征及其免疫调节研究[D]. 成都大学,2025.
[11] NILKHET S, MONGKOLPOBSIN K, SILLAPACHAIYAPORN C, et al. M1 macrophages polarized by crude polysaccharides isolated from Auricularia polytricha exhibit anti-tumor effect on human breast cancer cells [J]. Scientific reports, 2024, 14(1): 8179.
[12] FISCHER C E, CA A. Beta-D-glucan Polysaccharide Downregulates p53, and Prostate Specific Antigen Expression in Histological and Immunohistochemical study of Prostate Tumor Model [J]. Trop J Nat Prod Res, 2023, 7(4): 563-78.
[13] 罗霞, 余梦瑶, 江南, et al.毛木耳Auricularia polytricha多糖APPIIA对巨噬细胞细胞因子和iNOS基因表达的影响[J].菌物学报,2009,28(03):435-9.
[14] 赵爽, 刘宇, 许峰,等. 毛木耳蛋白质提取物及其抗肿瘤的应用: 中国,CN201310208544.2[P].2015-02-04.
[15] KASTANJA G C, PAWESTRI A R, FIRDAUS Z, et al. Auricularia polytricha: A promising medicinal mushroom for combination therapy of colorectal cancer and understanding its potential mechanism of action [J]. 2023.
[16] CHEN Y, XUE Y. Purification, chemical characterization and antioxidant activities of a novel polysaccharide from Auricularia polytricha [J]. International journal of biological macromolecules, 2018, 120(Pt A): 1087-92.
[17] SHI L, SHI H, LI X, et al. Hepatoprotective Effects of Acidic-Extractable Auricularia polytricha (Agaricomycetes) Polysaccharides against the Alcoholic Liver Diseases via the NF-κB Signaling Pathway [J]. International journal of medicinal mushrooms, 2025, 27(9): 13-26.
[18] SILLAPACHAIYAPORN C, MONGKOLPOBSIN K, CHUCHAWANKUL S, et al. Neuroprotective effects of ergosterol against TNF-α-induced HT-22 hippocampal cell injury [J]. Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie, 2022, 154: 113596.
[19] NITTHIKAN N, LEELAPORNPISID P, NAKSURIYA O, et al. Multifunctional biological properties and topical film forming spray base on Auricularia polytricha as a natural polysaccharide containing brown Agaricus bisporus extract for skin hydration [J]. Cosmetics, 2023, 10(5): 145.
[20] ZHAO S, GAO Y, WANG H, et al. A novel mushroom (Auricularia polytricha) glycoprotein protects against lead-induced hepatoxicity, promotes lead adsorption, inhibits organ accumulation of lead, upregulates detoxifying proteins, and enhances immunoregulation in rats [J]. Frontiers in nutrition, 2023, 10: 1144346.
[21] NGUEPI TSOPMEJIO I S, YUAN J, DIAO Z, et al. Auricularia polytricha and Flammulina velutipes reduce liver injury in DSS-induced Inflammatory Bowel Disease by improving inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis through the regulation of TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathways [J]. The Journal of nutritional biochemistry, 2023, 111: 109190.
[22] ZHAO S, ZHANG S, ZHANG W, et al. First demonstration of protective effects of purified mushroom polysaccharide-peptides against fatty liver injury and the mechanisms involved [J]. Scientific reports, 2019, 9(1): 13725.
[23] AGBOR C, ANYANWU G. Antioxidant effect of Beta-D-glucan-polysaccharide fractionate of Auricularia polytricha on Hyperglycaemia-Induced Kidney Dysfunction in Experimental Diabetic Nephropathy [J]. Biological, 2021, 2307(5): 5905.
[24] SANGPHECH N, SILLAPACHAIYAPORN C, NILKHET S, et al. Auricularia polytricha ethanol crude extract from sequential maceration induces lipid accumulation and inflammatory suppression in RAW264.7 macrophages [J]. Food & function, 2021, 12(21): 10563-70.
[25] LI P, XIONG C, HUANG W. Gamma-Irradiation-Induced Degradation of the Water-Soluble Polysaccharide from Auricularia polytricha and Its Anti-Hypercholesterolemic Activity [J]. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2022, 27(3).
[26] ZHAO S, RONG C, LIU Y, et al. Extraction of a soluble polysaccharide from Auricularia polytricha and evaluation of its anti-hypercholesterolemic effect in rats [J]. Carbohydrate polymers, 2015, 122: 39-45.
[27] YANG HUITING Y H, LIU HUNGCHUN L H, YANG SHUHUI Y S. Auricularia polytricha extracts improve blood lipid blood sugar metabolism and bone density of ovariectomized rats [J]. 2017. 66 (2): 167-170.
[28] LIU T, ZHANG S, WANG N, et al. Preparation and Characterization of Auricularia cornea Ehrenb Polysaccharide ‐Zn Complex and Its Hypoglycemic Activity through Regulating Insulin Resistance in HepG2 Cells [J]. Journal of Food Quality, 2021, 2021(1): 4497128.
[29] 王荣新. 毛木耳多糖纳米硒复合物的制备及其生物活性的探究[D]. 广州大学,2024.
[30] GAYATHRI M, THIRIBHUVANAMALA G, KRISHNAMOORTHY A. Harnessing the Antimicrobial Prospects of Mushroom Fungi against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Penz. Causing Post-Harvest Anthracnose Disease of Mango [J]. Int J Curr Microbiol App Sci, 2020, 9(7): 281-9.
[31] SINGH S, TRIPATHI A. Antimicrobial and phytochemical properties of methanol and hexane extract of non-gilled mushrooms collected from North-Western Himalayas [J]. Int J Pharm Sci Res, 2018, 9(4): 1174-82.
[32] SILLAPACHAIYAPORN C, CHUCHAWANKUL S, NILKHET S, et al. Ergosterol isolated from cloud ear mushroom (Auricularia polytricha) attenuates bisphenol A-induced BV2 microglial cell inflammation [J]. Food research international (Ottawa, Ont), 2022, 157: 111433.
[33] AGBOR C A, FISCHER C E, AGABA E A, et al. Neuroprotective Effect of Beta-D-glucan Polysaccharide Fractionate of Auricularia Polytrichaon on Hyperglycaemia- Induced Cerebral Injury in Diabetic Animal Model [J]. Tropical Journal of Natural Product Research (TJNPR), 2021, 5(12): 2182-6.
[34] SHARIKA R, VERMA K, TENCOMNAO T, et al. Auricularia polytricha extract exerts SKN-1 and DAF-16 mediated longevity and stress resistance against UV-B exposure in Caenorhabditis elegans [J]. Nutrition and Healthy Aging, 2024, 9(1): 1-15.
[35] JIA F, YANG S, MA Y, et al. Extraction optimization and constipation-relieving activity of dietary fiber from Auricularia polytricha. Food Bioscience, 2019, 33, 100506.
[36] ANYANWU G E, AGBOR C A. Assessment of Testicular Histomorphometric Parameters and Reticular Fibres Density on Testicular Tissue of Diabetic Wistar Rat Placed on Auricularia Polytricha [J]. Jordan Journal of Biological Sciences, 2020, 13.

Share
Back to top